The Tipping Point

The sight of young men from various nationalities risking everything to cross borders is not a new phenomenon. It speaks to a growing instability in the world, driven by forces far greater than any single nation. People leave their homes not out of choice, but out of necessity—fleeing conflict, climate change, and economic desperation. Their journeys, often without passports or legal protections, reveal a human drive for survival so profound that it makes the vast risks seem small by comparison. For many, it begins with a heavy financial burden that persists long after they arrive. The money for the trip is often raised in one of two ways, both of which create a powerful sense of obligation.

First, a person may be financed by their family and community. In this scenario, relatives may sell off precious belongings, like land or jewellery, or pool their life savings to pay for one person's passage. It places immense pressure on the individual to succeed and send money home to repay the family's sacrifice. The debt is not a number on a ledger but a moral and emotional weight, a promise to provide a better future for those who remain behind.

Second, many people must go into debt with the smugglers who organise their journey. These traffickers demand large sums of money, and the debt can escalate as the trip becomes more complex. The repayment of this debt often involves dangerous and exploitative work upon arrival. This cycle of debt and repayment can make it difficult for an immigrant to find their footing and integrate into their new home, as they are effectively working to pay off a past obligation rather than build a new life. This financial struggle is a key part of the modern immigrant's story.

This desperation is a symptom of a world on the verge of a potential tipping point. It feels as if a long-simmering crisis is coming to a head, forcing us to question the very structure of our societies. For older generations who built their lives on the promise of a stable path—get an education, find a job, buy a house, retire—the future looks profoundly different. The world is no longer about finding a single career for life. Instead, it is about constant change, a reality driven home by the rapid rise of technologies like AI. These societal changes necessitate our adaptation and understanding

The traditional roadmap for success is being rewritten. A university degree, once a ticket to a stable job, now often comes with the burden of crushing debt and no guarantee of work. The old model of a linear career is being replaced by one of short-term projects and continuous re-education. Younger generations have been raised to believe in the old way of doing things. They are entering a world that demands a level of adaptability their grandparents never had to consider.

This disconnect between generations presents its own unique challenge. Older people, having lived through periods of great change, can see a breaking point that others may not. The future is uncertain, and whether we face a "gigantic implosion" or a difficult but manageable transition depends entirely on how we choose to adapt. We must address the root causes of global migration and rethink how we prepare our young people. 

Glyn Kearney 27 August 2025

Your Brain Is Always Listening

Your Brain Is Always Listening: The Danger of Negative Conversations As we get older, it's natural to have more conversations about our health. We talk about our aches, our pains, and our worries. While these chats can feel like a way to connect, they can also have a sneaky side effect. Our brains are always listening, and they take everything we hear and say very seriously. This isn't just about paying attention; it's about our brains physically responding to the words and ideas we're exposed to. When we constantly hear about problems, our brains can start to anticipate those same problems in our own bodies. This is the nocebo effect in action. Just like the placebo effect can make us feel better because we believe a treatment will work, the nocebo effect can make us feel worse because we believe something negative will happen. Imagine you're feeling perfectly fine. Then, a friend starts talking about their persistent dizziness and fatigue. They describe how it affects their daily life and how worried they are. As you listen, your brain starts making connections. It's almost as if your brain is taking notes. Later that day, you feel a little lightheaded when you stand up. Was it there before? Maybe, but now your brain is paying close attention, and it links that feeling directly to your friend's story. Suddenly, a simple, fleeting sensation becomes a symptom of a larger problem. The key is that your mind is incredibly powerful. It can influence your body's experience of pain and discomfort. When you hear about a specific ailment, your mind can be influenced to create or magnify that symptom in your own body. This isn't hypochondria; it's a real, psychological effect. Our brains can convince our bodies to feel what others are describing. So, how can we protect ourselves? We don't have to stop being compassionate or listening to our friends. Instead, we can try to balance our conversations. Alongside talking about challenges, we can also share our joys, our small victories, and the things that bring us comfort. By focusing on positive experiences and solutions, we can use our brains' listening power to our advantage. We can spread hope and well-being, instead of worry and pain.

Downward Slopes of the Mountain

The presumed start of functional hominin speech is estimated to have occurred around 50,000 to 100,000 years ago, coinciding with the emergence of fully modern human anatomy and the development of symbolic thought. Rudimentary language may have begun much earlier, possibly around 1.6 million years ago, with Homo erectus. Language, nevertheless, marked a crucial turning point in hominin development. At the base of an allegorical mountain where early life began, survival and the thrill of discovery were essential. At first, the ascent was easy. The upward slope was gentle, and new ideas satisfied the curious minds of early hominins. Our ascent was powered by a biological imperative for efficiency and convenience, but without the foresight to fully grasp the systemic ramifications of those innovations. As time passed, knowledge built upon knowledge, slowly enhancing our capabilities. New ideas accelerated the development of hominin knowledge at an ever-faster pace. The slope of the mountain became more challenging, thus satisfying the desire to progress. It wasn't a pursuit of mastery or a thirst for understanding; rather, it was a natural phenomenon within the human brain, whether intended or evolutionary. One hundred thousand years of evolutionary development was sufficient time for the hominin brain to adapt; it wasn't even a challenge, but a natural adoption of progressive ideas. Starting with the introduction of language, shared ideas contributed to the development of foundational human skills. Critical thinking and objective analysis led to progressive ideas, each contributing to the ascent of the mountain. It's doubtful that hominins ever had a vision of the ultimate destination. Prior to the development of the hominin brain, life on this planet probably enjoyed a balanced ecological existence. Hominins were initially hunter-gatherers, but after learning the value of fire and cooked meat (perhaps following wildfires), they likely began to trap and kill larger game. Cooked meat undoubtedly contributed to better digestion and fresh perspectives. This innovation, however, also involved the indiscriminate destruction of wildlife. Larger wildlife was plentiful, so there was no perceived need to consider needless destruction. It was a beneficial and, at the time, seemingly necessary step on the allegorical mountain's ascent. The indiscriminate destruction of wildlife wasn't a malicious act. It was rather a convenience, like driving a herd of buffalo over a cliff for the sake of a single carcass. This indiscriminate killing has been a human propensity even in modern times, either for gain or entertainment. Indeed, such actions led to an imbalance and a long-term negative impact on the planet. Things changed on the planet as hominins became more skilled. Discoveries driven by ideas and inspiration, rather than intended and contemplated progression, led to the development of agriculture and trade. Money, being more convenient for barter, became a necessary consequence. None of this was intended or foreseen; it was, rather, a natural progression of a sophisticated brain. Evolution played a crucial role in developing a hominin brain that was well-suited to its purpose. Major shifts in human history, such as the development of agriculture, trade, and eventually money, weren't the result of a grand, preconceived plan or a conscious "design." It implies that the brain didn't evolve specifically for agriculture or money, but rather developed a general capacity for complex problem-solving and abstract thought. The ability to observe, categorise, remember, and communicate is foundational to critical thinking and objective analysis. Reaching the mountain's summit, the complex problem-solving and abstract thinking brain transcends the very boundaries of human cognition and encounters the truly inconceivable. Logic and reason recede, unfolding a new horizon of expanded awareness. It transcends human mental architecture, revealing previously unimaginable truths. The inconceivable is an ascension, not chaos, into a realm where understanding isn't confined to the tangible or the conventionally explicable. It's a profound shift, offering glimpses of a reality grander than the ordinary human mind can fathom. The driving force that propelled hominins upwards—the ambition to reach the summit—is now relinquished to an automated activity. Without a new, equally compelling goal, a sense of aimlessness can set in. An unnerving stillness replaces the familiar rhythm of struggle and ascent. Then, there is the challenge of maintaining relevance and motivation. Yet, as hominins gaze upon the world laid out beneath them, the very essence of their pursuit has been fulfilled, leaving an unexpected emptiness; there is truly nothing new to be found. The allure of constant innovation, while seemingly beneficial, inadvertently fostered a sense of elitism. These individuals—typically the privileged, highly intelligent, and affluent—often believe they possess unique power and influence in society. They believe they are inherently more suited to lead or make decisions. When decisions are made exclusively by this group, the needs of the wider population may be overlooked. These are the societal conditions that began to solidify before the true explosion of Artificial Intelligence. In stark contrast, individuals still navigating the slopes, realising there is little room at the top, choose a realm of defiance. This pursuit, often characterised by an insatiable desire for self-indulgence, represents a deliberate rejection of the discipline and effort associated with spiritual or intellectual growth. Instead, they find solace and satisfaction in the immediate gratification of their desires. This alternative path, while seemingly liberating, often leads to a different kind of entrapment. New horizons became an increasingly distant dream. Why exert effort when intelligent machines could perform tasks with greater efficiency and precision? This subtle shift led to a stagnation of human potential, as the pursuit of self-improvement and intellectual curiosity took a backseat to the passive consumption of an ever-improving, automated existence. The relentless march of technological progress reshaped the landscape in ways we were only beginning to comprehend. For many who are still navigating the metaphorical slopes of human development, the path ahead appears shrouded in a mist of apathy and disinterest. The very essence of what was once considered vital—competency and the urgency for personal and societal growth—was largely eclipsed. However, a more ominous alternative also loomed large. We could, with chilling efficiency, direct our restless minds and formidable ingenuity toward devising new and ever more effective means of self-destruction.This path is paved with indifference and a profound disregard for the delicate balance of our planet. We could continue to pollute our atmosphere, poison our waters, and deplete our natural resources with insatiable greed, effectively despoiling the very planet we call home until it is barren and incapable of sustaining life. Such a trajectory would not only diminish our physical world but also corrode the very fabric of our societies. We would relinquish our shared beliefs, moral compass, and sense of communal responsibility that have traditionally bound us and guided our ethical conduct. In this bleak scenario, humanity would, tragically and irrevocably, descend the mountain of progress and enlightenment that we have striven so tirelessly and painstakingly to ascend. It would be a profound betrayal of our potential, a surrender to our basest instincts, and a catastrophic end to a journey that once held so much promise.

The Captain's Secret

Bathed in the glorious afternoon sun, simply enjoying the quiet, a familiar whirring sound announced the arrival of my lunch. It was my usual order, delivered by drone from a local takeaway —a simple convenience arranged through my phone. Rex, my faithful dog, lay beside me, his gaze utterly uninterested. He'd seen this spectacle countless times before.

It was a perfect afternoon, surrounded by the vibrant green of the trees. The park was mostly empty, its vast expanse of manicured grass prompting a curious thought: who maintained such pristine grounds? Perhaps it was the work of some diligent robot, silently keeping the world tidy, a silent ballet of automation.

Presently, an old sailor approached, taking a seat nearby. His face, deeply lined and weathered by the sun, spoke of countless voyages, and his hands were rough and gnarled. He introduced himself as Captain Elias Thorne, a true seadog whose eyes held the glint of distant horizons and untold stories.

He spoke of an audacious proposition: he was seeking a crew to sail his old tea clipper, the Spirit of Bengal, to China via the treacherous Cape of Good Hope. He described his vessel as a magnificent relic, her timbers steeped in the tales of countless crossings during the tea clipper years (1840-1870), a far cry from modern ships and the convenience of the Suez Canal. This journey, he stressed, was no pleasure cruise. It demanded courage, resilience, and a profound respect for the sea's unpredictable moods. He was blunt about what he offered: no lavish pay, no luxurious accommodation, just daily hardtack and a mug of rum. Rex glanced at me, his eyes reflecting utter disbelief at the prospect.

It sounded like an interesting challenge despite my ageing bones. Life in this current age lacks inspiration and the satisfaction of achievement. I was not accustomed to that, having always sought out new horizons and obstacles to overcome. The mundane rhythms of daily existence had begun to chafe, leaving me with a profound sense of unfulfilled potential.

However, when the opportunity arose, a flicker of that old fire reignited within me, even as Rex's low growl rumbled with disapproval and distrust for Captain Thorne. My loyal companion, ever watchful, seemed to sense an underlying current of danger—or perhaps merely a disruption to our comfortable routine. Despite his apprehension and a lingering scepticism regarding Thorne's true intentions, I agreed to meet and visit the ageing sailboat. It was said to be a vessel with a storied past, a living testament to journeys long completed and adventures still waiting to unfold, and the allure of such a proposition was simply too strong to resist.

Once aboard, the salty air filled my lungs—a welcome change from the sterile anxiety I'd felt on the dock. Captain Thorne, his weathered face seemingly embodying the spirit of the ocean, met my gaze with a reassuring twinkle. He wasted no time addressing the seriousness of our journey, acknowledging the inherent risks of venturing into the vast unknown. "Everything has been taken into careful consideration," he boomed, his voice a comforting rumble that carried easily over the gentle creak of the ship's timbers. "Every contingency, every possibility, meticulously planned for."

He then transitioned to the more practical, yet vital, aspects of our safety. His expression grew serious as he emphasised the importance of individual responsibility. "Your primary concern," he began, his voice dropping to a more conspiratorial whisper, "should be to heed the fire regulations. They are not merely suggestions but strict protocols designed to protect us all." He detailed the location of extinguishers, the designated muster points, and the procedures for reporting any signs of smoke or flame, stressing the importance of immediate action. Rex stood passively, silently contemplating canine conclusions.

Following this, his attention turned to the ultimate—though hopefully unnecessary—procedure: abandoning the ship. A shiver prickled down my spine, a visceral reaction to the grim reality of such a scenario. Yet, Captain Thorne's delivery was calm, almost pragmatic, stripping some of the terrifying prospect of its emotional weight. He explained that our primary means of escape, should the unthinkable occur, was a plank extending precariously over the tumultuous sea at the rear of the ship. He didn't sugarcoat its imperfections. "Albeit somewhat rickety," he admitted, a wry smile playing on his lips, "and with a significant crack running down its very centre, it has, against all odds, withstood many escape incidents in the past." His words, while acknowledging the plank's fragility, also conveyed its improbable fortitude in moments of dire need.

After several days at sea, Captain Thorne, with his usual enigmatic grin, suggested a gathering in the galley that evening for a period of 'jollity' and seafaring songs. The very notion of such an event, a break from the relentless rhythm of the waves and the demanding duties of the ship, ignited a flicker of excitement within me. I envisioned a lively scene: the warm glow of lanterns illuminating the faces of my shipmates, the clatter of tankards filled with ale, and the boisterous chorus of shanties echoing through the confined space. As I made my way through the labyrinthine corridors of the ship, the unfamiliar sounds of creaking timbers and lapping water a constant companion, I paid little heed to the probability of other crew members. My mind was singularly focused on my task aboard this vessel, a commitment overshadowing all other distractions. However, the scene that greeted me upon entering the galley was starkly, almost jarringly, different from my hopeful imaginings.

The galley was dimly lit by a single lantern, casting long shadows across the room. The air held a strange, musty odour. Instead of a gathering, I found a desolate silence. On a chipped enamel plate, solitary and forlorn, a single, dry biscuit rested. Beside it, a tarnished tin cup held a small amount of rum. A cold knot of unease tightened in my stomach. Where was the crew? Where was the promised jollity? The mystery of their absence hung in the air, thick and unsettling.

"So," I muttered to the empty room, my voice a quiet whisper, "who else is manning this ship?" A premonition of something unsettling prickled down my spine. The ship had felt oddly quiet for days, a subtle absence of the usual sounds of men at work, and my unease was growing, a knot of tension tightening in my gut. Rex clung to the heaving floorboards, his face a mask of disdain and discomfort.

Driven by a growing sense of foreboding, I cautiously approached a section of the galley wall. The ageing wood cladding offered a narrow, almost imperceptible gap. Peering through it, my eyes struggled to adjust to the deeper shadows beyond. And then, I saw him. Captain Thorne was in his cabin, beside a small antechamber typically reserved for charting and navigation. My heart raced as I tried to comprehend this strange discovery.

The sight that unfolded before me was utterly bewildering. There, on a small, rickety table, sat a steaming fish pie, its golden-brown crust glistening. And on Captain Thorn's lap, nestled comfortably as if it were a cherished pet, was a newly evolved robot. It was a remarkable contraption. With delicate, almost human-like precision, the robot's metallic finger twirled in Captain Thorne's luxuriant beard, a gesture of almost familial intimacy.

A strange, knowing smile played on the Captain's lips as he savoured his solitary feast, completely oblivious to the abandoned galley and the solitary biscuit that awaited his disillusioned 'crew'. The realisation dawned on me, cold and clear: the "crew" he had spoken of, the jollity he had promised, was a private affair, shared only with his new, mechanical companion.

I awoke with a start, my eyes snapping open to the unsettling gloom that had descended upon the park. The dream: a chilling testament to the unfolding divide between the privileged and the marginalised, underscoring the drive for increased profit.

A chill had begun to permeate the air. An undeniable scent of damp earth mingled with the faint, sweet perfume of fading blossoms. It was a familiar aroma, one that signalled the urgent need to abandon my reverie and prepare for my flight home. My old bones, stiff from an afternoon spent in blissful idleness, protested with a chorus of creaks and groans as I stirred—a testament to the passage of time and the demands of gravity. It was high time to rustle them, coax them back into movement, and begin the trek towards the drone docking station.

Liver Cancer 2002

Following a routine check after bowel cancer surgery, a shadow was detected on my liver. Subsequent scans and biopsies yielded inconclusive results, leading to a liver surgeon conducting a thorough examination. His diagnosis was stark: a ninety per cent certainty of terminal liver cancer.

Given the gravity of the situation, an emergency operation to remove the cancer was deemed necessary and scheduled. Once settled and alone in my hospital room, the weight of this news settled heavily. The silence was profound, amplifying the anxiety that gnawed at me.

The surgeon's arrival broke the quiet of the room. His presence was commanding as he entered, his footsteps echoing softly. His serious demeanour and furrowed brow conveyed the gravity of the situation. The surgical mask hanging from his ear served as a stark reminder of the medical realities I faced.

He approached my bedside, his shadow falling over me. His intense gaze held mine, the silence stretching, thick with unspoken words. Finally, he spoke, his voice carrying a note of regret. He explained that the cancer had progressed too far for surgical removal. The finality of his words hung in the air.

He then suggested reviewing a video in his office. I followed him, feeling uncomfortable in the open-backed theatre gown as we walked through the hospital corridors. The video explanation offered little clarity. Upon its conclusion, the surgeon awaited my reaction. I found myself strangely calm and without words.

Back in my room, while waiting for my family, I turned to the bedside Bible. Psalm 116 offered unexpected comfort, the verses about deliverance from death resonating deeply with my current predicament.

After what felt like an eternity, my family arrived. As we prepared to leave, evening light was casting long shadows; the surgeon met us at the door. To our surprise, he had reconsidered. He proposed an operation, one he had performed only once before with some success, offering a fragile thread of hope that gently wrapped around us, soothing our fears.

The weight of this unexpected possibility required a moment to process. The day had been a rollercoaster of emotions. Finally, with little to lose, I agreed. My family, however, wrestled with a mixture of hope and fear, their anxiety mirroring the life-altering potential of this decision. Their emotional turmoil was palpable, and it was hard not to feel their struggle.

Despite the terminal prognosis, I found myself surprisingly well physically. Perhaps as a form of defiance or a need to embrace life, we planned a family reunion in Australia together with the balance of our family. Among excursions in and around Sydney, our visit included a canoe tour of the Harbour. My weakened state made it difficult to keep abreast of the others. While lagging, a ferry suddenly appeared, its horn blaring. Straining to avoid a collision, I paddled with a surge of determination, my body straining to avoid a collision.

Finally, upon our return to the UK, further challenges awaited. A burst water pipe in our flat had caused significant damage, ruining furniture shipped from South Africa just two years prior. There was little time to dwell on this setback, as the rescheduled operation was imminent. These unexpected challenges kept us on our toes, constantly surprised by life's twists and turns.

Upon my return to the hospital, lying on my hospital bed, I had a period of quiet introspection. The impending operation felt as though I was embarking on an uncertain journey. The prognosis of terminal cancer was a constant, unwelcome perspective. Despite the fear, a sense of hope and trust remained.

The operation was lengthy. Outside the operating theatre, life continued as normal. Inside, the surgical team worked with intense focus, the atmosphere thick with anticipation. Hours passed, marked by the hushed aura of concentration.

Finally, as the anaesthetic wore off, a fragile hope surfaced, mingled with the beeping of medical equipment. The sight of tubes and suspended bottles was a stark reminder of my condition. The quiet concern of the doctor and nurse and the visible worry on my wife's face underscored the gravity of the situation. Yet, amidst this, I was struck by the kindness of the hospital staff and my wife's unwavering support.

The surgeon later explained the complexities of the operation, noting that he had to remove tissue closer to the cancer than ideal, and the unexpected cancerous invasion of vital blood vessels led to further significant challenges.

The reality of recovery brought a new dimension, a tube protruding from my chest. A nurse explained this unexpected development as a chemotherapy method for ongoing treatment—a portable bottle attached to my belt.

The cost of the life-saving surgery had also significantly depleted my savings, a financial burden I had not anticipated. The question of future employment with a visible reminder of my illness loomed large, casting a shadow of uncertainty over my future. The practical implications of illness, often overlooked, were now a stark reality that I had to confront.

Being fitted with the chemotherapy bottle involved a long day at the clinic, surrounded by other patients facing their own health battles. When a senior nurse informed us that an X-ray of the tube was required before the fitting, a sense of weariness washed over me.

The constant medical interventions and the impact on my quality of life led to a difficult decision. I turned to my wife and voiced my feelings: it was a question of quality versus quantity of life. When the nurse returned, I requested that the chemotherapy tube be removed.

Following a week in the hospital, I returned to my still-damaged flat. The operation's aftermath was a slow and disruptive recovery. The financial strain necessitated a return to work. I soon found myself working as a locum pharmacist in unfamiliar towns, a stark contrast to my previous life. The physical and emotional toll of the recovery, coupled with the financial burden, made the return to normalcy a daunting task.

 Courage

Upon immigrating from South Africa to Britain in 1998, at the height of the confusion following the release of Mandela, I joined a pharmaceutical company that owned a chain of retail pharmacies in North Wales. There was some apprehension regarding my suitability, not having worked in a retail pharmacy for 25 years. I was 63 years old, an age at which some might consider undertaking a challenge of this magnitude to be rash. I was not unaware of the responsibility and the potential for unforeseen complications. Yet, a potent combination of determination and a thirst for a new adventure propelled me forward. This determination, I found, was a powerful force that could overcome any obstacle. Upon my arrival, a young pharmacist was assigned to oversee my orientation and evaluate my aptitude. A palpable contrast, the seasoned experience marked initial interactions juxtaposed with her youthful energy. As the orientation progressed, I drew upon a reservoir of knowledge and skills honed over decades of practice. Together, we navigated the complexities of the environment, each contributing our unique strengths to the shared goal. The initial uncertainties gave way to mutual respect and a collaborative spirit. It was a testament to the power of intergenerational partnerships and the enduring value of experience in the face of new challenges. Our collaboration, despite our age difference, was a key factor in my successful adaptation to the pharmacy setting, highlighting the importance of diversity and teamwork in any work environment. 

Limited to observing the familiar, I felt unable to contribute further. After some days of visiting shops, I arrived at a rather busy pharmacy. I felt completely out of place and could contribute nothing. Just prior to the lunch break, the young dispensary assistant, a key member of the pharmacy team responsible for various tasks, including customer service and inventory management, made it known that she was unwell and would not return after the break. Upon reopening the shop, the resident pharmacist returned from the local doctor's surgery with a handful of prescriptions. He confessed that there were more prescriptions than ever before and that he had to catch a train to London at 6 pm. He thereupon dumped the pile of prescriptions at the side of the computer and disappeared. I squared up before the machine and found the capture of the scripts straightforward. By the time he returned, I had processed many of the prescriptions, complete with dosage labels. When my tutor arrived to collect me, I processed a pile of prescriptions that were ready for dispensing. It took the rest of the afternoon for the two pharmacists to complete the dispensing in time for the train to be caught. The next day, the CEO of the organisation, together with the personnel manager and a new car, arrived. They were impressed by my adaptability and the speed at which I had learned the new system. They proclaimed that I needed no further training and should begin locum duties right away, a decision that validated my determination and the power of intergenerational collaboration. 

 Does life need a purpose to have value?

Is choosing how we die the ultimate expression of our freedom, or does it undermine the value of life? Recent comments on the news highlighted an ongoing discussion about assisted dying, raising concerns about its potential to devalue life. However, determining whether assisted dying truly diminishes the value of life is a complex matter with no straightforward answer. Different cultures and religions view this issue differently, influencing how assisted dying is seen and its effects on life's value.

But the question of life's value extends far beyond the debate around assisted dying. In the postmodern era, the rejection of absolute truths has led to a profound shift in how individuals seek meaning and purpose. No longer tethered to traditional religious or societal narratives, individuals are left to create their own values and meaning in a world where multiple perspectives and truths coexist.  

I remember lying in a hospital bed, ravaged by a COVID cytokine storm, feeling so weak and utterly alone. In those moments, the thought of a peaceful, chosen end seemed comforting. It's a memory that haunts me as I ponder the news and the ongoing debate surrounding assisted dying.

This newfound freedom can be liberating and daunting. On one hand, it allows for greater individual expression and the ability to craft a life that aligns with personal values and desires. The absence of a single, universal truth can create a sense of existential anxiety and uncertainty. Without a prescribed road map for meaning, individuals are left to navigate a landscape of endless possibilities, unsure of which path to take.

Those in favour of assisted dying emphasise the importance of personal freedom and the right to make choices about one's life and death, especially when facing unbearable suffering. On the other hand, some argue that human life is sacred and should be protected unconditionally, believing that assisted dying undermines the inherent value of life.

Historically, from 1650 to 1950, Christianity heavily influenced Western culture. Many people believed the Bible held the answer to life's purpose, often interpreted as serving and worshipping God. This purpose could involve individual salvation, contributing to society's well-being, or taking part in God's divine plan.

However, the postmodern era, emerging in the late 20th century, changed how people view truth and knowledge. Postmodernism rejects absolute truths and emphasises that knowledge is constructed and subjective. This shift significantly affects our understanding of life's purpose.

According to postmodernism, there is no inherent or universal purpose for everyone. Instead, individuals create and define their own purpose. This means that the purpose of life isn't something to be discovered, but something we actively create through our interactions with the world and others.

This postmodern view has profound implications for how we live. Without a single objective purpose we are free to create our own and live according to our values and desires. This freedom can be both liberating and daunting, as the responsibility for finding meaning and purpose rests solely on our shoulders.

Ultimately, whether life has a purpose is a personal choice and interpretation. There's no right or wrong answer, and everyone must decide for themselves. However, the postmodern perspective challenges traditional notions of purpose and encourages us to consider creating our own unique and meaningful lives.

In the absence of absolute truth, the question of whether life has inherent value becomes even more pressing. If there is no universal meaning to life, does that mean it is inherently meaningless? Or does it mean that we are empowered to create our own meaning, thereby giving life value?

This is a question with no straightforward answer. The postmodern perspective challenges us to confront the existential uncertainty that comes with the rejection of absolute truth. But it also offers the possibility of a more authentic and personalised meaning-making process. We are no longer bound by pre-determined narratives, but free to create our own stories and find meaning in the relationships, experiences, and values that resonate with us.